Pulmonary Hypertension is type of high blood pressure
Pulmonary hypertension is a type of high blood pressure that affects the arteries in your lungs and the right side of your heart.
Pulmonary hypertension is a form of high blood pressure affecting the lung arteries and the right side of your heart.
In one form of pulmonary hypertension, tiny arteries in your lungs, called pulmonary arterioles, and capillaries become narrowed, blocked or destroyed.
Tiny arteries in your lungs, called pulmonary arterioles, and capillaries get narrowed, blocked, or killed in one type of pulmonary hypertension.
This makes it harder for blood to flow through your lungs, and raises pressure within your lungs ' arteries, As the pressure builds, your heart's lower right chamber (right ventricle) must work harder to pump.blood through your lungs, eventually causing your heart muscle to weaken and fall.
This makes it difficult for blood to flow into your lungs, which increases pressure inside the arteries of your lungs. As the pressure rises, the lower right chamber of your heart (right ventricle) will work harder to pump.blood into your lungs , causing the heart muscle to weaken which fall.
Some forms of pulmonary hypertension are serious conditions that become progressively worse andare sometimes fatal. Although some forms of pulmonary hypertension aren't curable, treatment can help lessen symptoms and improve your quality of life.
Some types of pulmonary hypertension are extreme conditions that are slowly getting worse, and often fatal. While some types of pulmonary hypertension are not curable, medication can help to lessen the symptoms and improve your quality of life.
Symptoms
The signs and symptoms of pulmonary hypertension in its early stages might not be noticeable for months or even years. As the disease progresses, symptoms become worse.
Medical signs
In its early stages the signs and symptoms of pulmonary hypertension can not be apparent for months or even years. Symptoms get worse as the disease progresses.
Pulmonary hypertension symptoms include:
Shortness of breath (dyspnea), initially while exercising and eventually while at rest
Fatigue
Dizziness or fainting spells (syncope)
Chest pressure or pain
Swelling (edema) in your ankles, legs and eventually in your abdomen (ascites)
Bluish color to your lips and skin (cyanosis)
Racing pulse or heart palpitations
Symptoms of Pulmonary Hypertension include:
Shortness of breath (dyspnea), initially during exercise and in the end at rest
Wear and tear
Heartburn or fainting spells (syncope)
Druck or pain in the chest
Swelling (edema) of the knees, thighs and finally the abdomen (ascites)
Bluish lips and skin tone (cyanosis)
Pulse speeding or heart palpitations
Causes
Your heart has two upper chambers (atria) and two lower chambers (ventricles). Each time blood passes through your heart, the lower right chamber (right ventricle) pumps blood to your lungs through a large blood vessel (pulmonary artery).
Chambers and valves of the heart
Chambers and valvesnof the heart Open pop-up dialog box
In your lungs, the blood releases carbon dioxide and picks up oxygen. The oxygen-rich blood then flows through blood vessels in your lungs (pulmonary arteries, capillaries and veins) to the left side of your heart. Ordinarily, the blood flows easily through the vessels in your lungs, so blood pressure is usually much lower in your lungs. With pulmonary hypertension, the rise in blood pressure is caused by changes in the cells that line your pulmonary arteries. These changes can cause the walls of the arteries to become stiff and thick, and extra tissue may form.
The blood vessels may also become inflamed and tight. These changes in the pulmonary arteries can reduce or block blood flow through the blood vessels. This makes it harder for blood to flow, raising the blood pressure in the pulmonary arteries.
Pulmonary hypertension is classified into five groups, depending on the cause.
Matters
The heart has two upper (atria) chambers, and two lower (ventricles) chambers. Any time blood flows through your heart, the right lower chamber (right ventricle) pumps blood into a large blood vessel (pulmonary artery) into your lungs.
Chambers and heart valves
Chambers and valvesnof the cardiac Access dialog box
The blood absorbs carbon dioxide in the lungs, and takes up oxygen. The oxygen-rich blood then flows through your lungs ( pulmonary arteries, capillaries , and veins) through the blood vessels on the left side of your neck. The blood naturally flows freely into the arteries in your body, and blood pressure in your body is generally much lower. The increase in blood pressure with pulmonary hypertension is Changes in the cells lining the lung arteries. These changes may cause the artery walls to become rigid and thick, and can form extra tissue.
The vessels in the blood can also get inflamed and strong. Such pulmonary arterial changes can reduce or obstruct blood flow through the blood vessels. This raises the blood pressure in the pulmonary arteries, making it harder for blood to circulate.
Depending on the cause, pulmonary hypertension is classified into five classes.
Group 1: Pulmonary arterial hypertension
Cause unknown, known as idiopathic pulmonary
arterial hypertension.
A specific gene mutation that can cause pulmonary hypertension to develop in families, also called heritable pulmonary arterial hypertension.
Certain drugs-such as certain prescription diet drugs or illegal drugs such as methamphetamines or certain toxins
Heart abnormalities present at birth (congenital heart disease)
Other conditions, such as connective tissue disorders (scleroderma, lupus, others), HIV infection or chronic liver disease (cirrhosis)
Class 1: Arterial pulmonary hypertension
Cause unknown, called pulmonary idiopathy
Hypertension in the arteries.
A unique gene mutation which can cause families to develop pulmonary hypertension, also called heritable pulmonary arterial hypertension.
Many medications, such as certain medical prescriptions or illicit substances such as methamphetamines or other pollutants
Cardiac defects (congenital heart disease) present at birth
Some diseases, such as disorders of the connective tissue (scleroderma, lupus, others), HIV or chronic liver disease (cirrhosis)
Group 2: Pulmonary hypertension caused by left-sided heart disease
Left-sided valvular heart disease, such as mitral valve or aortic valve disease
Failure of the lower left heart chamber (left ventricle)
Group 3: Pulmonary hypertension caused by lung disease
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, such as
Class 2: Lung hypertension caused by left-sided cardiac disease
Valvular heart disease on the left, such as the mitral valve or aortic valve disease
Lower left core chamber failure (upper ventricle)
Class 3: Lung hypertension resulting from pulmonary disease
Chronic pulmonary obstructive disorder, such as
Penhysema
Lung disease such as pulmonary fibrosis, a condition that causes scarring in the tissue between the lungs ' air sacs (interstitium)
Sleep apnea and other sleep disorders
Long-term exposure to high altitudes in people who may be at higher risk of pulmonary hypertension
Penhysema
Lung disease such as pulmonary fibrosis, which causes scarring of the tissue between the air sacs of the lungs (interstitium)
Night apnea and other disorders
Long-term exposure to high altitudes in individuals at elevated risk of pulmonary hypertension
Group 4: Pulmonary hypertension caused by chronic blood clots
Chronic blood clots in the lungs (pulmonary emboli)
Class 4: Chronic blood clots cause pulmonary hypertension
Lung clots in chronic blood (pulmonary emboli)
Group 5: Pulmonary hypertension associated with other conditions that have unclear reasons why the pulmonary hypertension occurs
Blood disorders
Disorders that affect several organs in the body, such as sarcoidosis
Metabolic disorders, such as glycogen storage disease
Tumors pressing against pulmonary arteries
Eisenmenger syndrome and pulmonary hypertension
Eisenmenger syndrome, a type of congenital heart disease, causes pulmonary hypertension. It's most commonly caused by a large hole in your heart between the two lower heart chambers (ventricles), called a ventricular septal defect.
This hole in your heart causes blood to circulate abnormally in your heart.
Oxygen-carrying blood (red blood) mixes with oxygen-poor blood (blue blood).
The blood then returns to your lungs instead of going to the rest of your body, increasing the pressure in the pulmonary arteries and causing pulmonary hypertension.
Class 5: Certain disorders associated with pulmonary hypertension that have uncertain causes for the pulmonary hypertension
Blood troubles
Disorders affecting many organs in the body, for example sarcoidosis
Metabolic conditions, such as the accumulation of glycogen
Pressing tumors on coronary arteries
Pulmonary hypertension and Eisenmenger syndrome
A type of congenital heart disease, the Eisenmenger syndrome causes pulmonary hypertension. This is most commonly caused by a large hole between the two lower heart chambers (ventricles) in your heart, called a ventricular septal defect.
Instead of going to the rest of the body, the blood returns to the lungs, increasing the pressure in the pulmonary arteries and causing pulmonary hypertension.
Risk factors
Your risk of developing pulmonary hypertension may be greater if:
You're a young adult, as idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension is more common in younger adults
You're overweight
You have a family history of the disease
You have one of various conditions that can increase your risk of developing pulmonary hypertension
You use illegal drugs, such as cocaine
You take certain appetite-suppressant medications
You have an existing risk of developing pulmonary hypertension, such as a family history of the condition, and you live at a high altitude.
Dangerous conditions
You can run a greater risk of developing pulmonary hypertension if:
You are a young adult, since idiopathic arterial hypertension is more common in younger adults
You are getting overweight
You have a family history of the disease
You have one of the different conditions that can increase the risk of developing lung hypertension
You use illicit drugs, for instance cocaine
You are taking other appetite-deleting medicines
You have an known risk of developing pulmonary hypertension, such as the condition's family history, and you live at high altitudes.
Complications
Pulmonary hypertension can lead to a number of complications, including:
Right-sided heart enlargement and heart failure (cor pulmonale).
In cor pulmonale, your.heart's right ventricle becomes enlarged and has to pump harder than usual to move blood through narrowed or blocked pulmonary arteries.
Complications That
A variety of complications can lead to pulmonary hypertension including:
Right-sided cardiac enlargement and heart failure (pulmonary coronation).
During cor pulmonale, the right ventricle of your.heart is swollen and you have to pump more intensely than normal to transfer blood into narrowed or blocked pulmonary arteries.
Pulmonary hypertension is a form of high blood pressure affecting the lung arteries and the right side of your heart.
In one form of pulmonary hypertension, tiny arteries in your lungs, called pulmonary arterioles, and capillaries become narrowed, blocked or destroyed.
Tiny arteries in your lungs, called pulmonary arterioles, and capillaries get narrowed, blocked, or killed in one type of pulmonary hypertension.
This makes it harder for blood to flow through your lungs, and raises pressure within your lungs ' arteries, As the pressure builds, your heart's lower right chamber (right ventricle) must work harder to pump.blood through your lungs, eventually causing your heart muscle to weaken and fall.
This makes it difficult for blood to flow into your lungs, which increases pressure inside the arteries of your lungs. As the pressure rises, the lower right chamber of your heart (right ventricle) will work harder to pump.blood into your lungs , causing the heart muscle to weaken which fall.
Some forms of pulmonary hypertension are serious conditions that become progressively worse andare sometimes fatal. Although some forms of pulmonary hypertension aren't curable, treatment can help lessen symptoms and improve your quality of life.
Some types of pulmonary hypertension are extreme conditions that are slowly getting worse, and often fatal. While some types of pulmonary hypertension are not curable, medication can help to lessen the symptoms and improve your quality of life.
Symptoms
The signs and symptoms of pulmonary hypertension in its early stages might not be noticeable for months or even years. As the disease progresses, symptoms become worse.
Medical signs
In its early stages the signs and symptoms of pulmonary hypertension can not be apparent for months or even years. Symptoms get worse as the disease progresses.
Pulmonary hypertension symptoms include:
Shortness of breath (dyspnea), initially while exercising and eventually while at rest
Fatigue
Dizziness or fainting spells (syncope)
Chest pressure or pain
Swelling (edema) in your ankles, legs and eventually in your abdomen (ascites)
Bluish color to your lips and skin (cyanosis)
Racing pulse or heart palpitations
Symptoms of Pulmonary Hypertension include:
Shortness of breath (dyspnea), initially during exercise and in the end at rest
Wear and tear
Heartburn or fainting spells (syncope)
Druck or pain in the chest
Swelling (edema) of the knees, thighs and finally the abdomen (ascites)
Bluish lips and skin tone (cyanosis)
Pulse speeding or heart palpitations
Causes
Your heart has two upper chambers (atria) and two lower chambers (ventricles). Each time blood passes through your heart, the lower right chamber (right ventricle) pumps blood to your lungs through a large blood vessel (pulmonary artery).
Chambers and valves of the heart
Chambers and valvesnof the heart Open pop-up dialog box
In your lungs, the blood releases carbon dioxide and picks up oxygen. The oxygen-rich blood then flows through blood vessels in your lungs (pulmonary arteries, capillaries and veins) to the left side of your heart. Ordinarily, the blood flows easily through the vessels in your lungs, so blood pressure is usually much lower in your lungs. With pulmonary hypertension, the rise in blood pressure is caused by changes in the cells that line your pulmonary arteries. These changes can cause the walls of the arteries to become stiff and thick, and extra tissue may form.
The blood vessels may also become inflamed and tight. These changes in the pulmonary arteries can reduce or block blood flow through the blood vessels. This makes it harder for blood to flow, raising the blood pressure in the pulmonary arteries.
Pulmonary hypertension is classified into five groups, depending on the cause.
Matters
The heart has two upper (atria) chambers, and two lower (ventricles) chambers. Any time blood flows through your heart, the right lower chamber (right ventricle) pumps blood into a large blood vessel (pulmonary artery) into your lungs.
Chambers and heart valves
Chambers and valvesnof the cardiac Access dialog box
The blood absorbs carbon dioxide in the lungs, and takes up oxygen. The oxygen-rich blood then flows through your lungs ( pulmonary arteries, capillaries , and veins) through the blood vessels on the left side of your neck. The blood naturally flows freely into the arteries in your body, and blood pressure in your body is generally much lower. The increase in blood pressure with pulmonary hypertension is Changes in the cells lining the lung arteries. These changes may cause the artery walls to become rigid and thick, and can form extra tissue.
The vessels in the blood can also get inflamed and strong. Such pulmonary arterial changes can reduce or obstruct blood flow through the blood vessels. This raises the blood pressure in the pulmonary arteries, making it harder for blood to circulate.
Depending on the cause, pulmonary hypertension is classified into five classes.
Group 1: Pulmonary arterial hypertension
Cause unknown, known as idiopathic pulmonary
arterial hypertension.
A specific gene mutation that can cause pulmonary hypertension to develop in families, also called heritable pulmonary arterial hypertension.
Certain drugs-such as certain prescription diet drugs or illegal drugs such as methamphetamines or certain toxins
Heart abnormalities present at birth (congenital heart disease)
Other conditions, such as connective tissue disorders (scleroderma, lupus, others), HIV infection or chronic liver disease (cirrhosis)
Class 1: Arterial pulmonary hypertension
Cause unknown, called pulmonary idiopathy
Hypertension in the arteries.
A unique gene mutation which can cause families to develop pulmonary hypertension, also called heritable pulmonary arterial hypertension.
Many medications, such as certain medical prescriptions or illicit substances such as methamphetamines or other pollutants
Cardiac defects (congenital heart disease) present at birth
Some diseases, such as disorders of the connective tissue (scleroderma, lupus, others), HIV or chronic liver disease (cirrhosis)
Group 2: Pulmonary hypertension caused by left-sided heart disease
Left-sided valvular heart disease, such as mitral valve or aortic valve disease
Failure of the lower left heart chamber (left ventricle)
Group 3: Pulmonary hypertension caused by lung disease
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, such as
Class 2: Lung hypertension caused by left-sided cardiac disease
Valvular heart disease on the left, such as the mitral valve or aortic valve disease
Lower left core chamber failure (upper ventricle)
Class 3: Lung hypertension resulting from pulmonary disease
Chronic pulmonary obstructive disorder, such as
Penhysema
Lung disease such as pulmonary fibrosis, a condition that causes scarring in the tissue between the lungs ' air sacs (interstitium)
Sleep apnea and other sleep disorders
Long-term exposure to high altitudes in people who may be at higher risk of pulmonary hypertension
Penhysema
Lung disease such as pulmonary fibrosis, which causes scarring of the tissue between the air sacs of the lungs (interstitium)
Night apnea and other disorders
Long-term exposure to high altitudes in individuals at elevated risk of pulmonary hypertension
Group 4: Pulmonary hypertension caused by chronic blood clots
Chronic blood clots in the lungs (pulmonary emboli)
Class 4: Chronic blood clots cause pulmonary hypertension
Lung clots in chronic blood (pulmonary emboli)
Group 5: Pulmonary hypertension associated with other conditions that have unclear reasons why the pulmonary hypertension occurs
Blood disorders
Disorders that affect several organs in the body, such as sarcoidosis
Metabolic disorders, such as glycogen storage disease
Tumors pressing against pulmonary arteries
Eisenmenger syndrome and pulmonary hypertension
Eisenmenger syndrome, a type of congenital heart disease, causes pulmonary hypertension. It's most commonly caused by a large hole in your heart between the two lower heart chambers (ventricles), called a ventricular septal defect.
This hole in your heart causes blood to circulate abnormally in your heart.
Oxygen-carrying blood (red blood) mixes with oxygen-poor blood (blue blood).
The blood then returns to your lungs instead of going to the rest of your body, increasing the pressure in the pulmonary arteries and causing pulmonary hypertension.
Class 5: Certain disorders associated with pulmonary hypertension that have uncertain causes for the pulmonary hypertension
Blood troubles
Disorders affecting many organs in the body, for example sarcoidosis
Metabolic conditions, such as the accumulation of glycogen
Pressing tumors on coronary arteries
Pulmonary hypertension and Eisenmenger syndrome
A type of congenital heart disease, the Eisenmenger syndrome causes pulmonary hypertension. This is most commonly caused by a large hole between the two lower heart chambers (ventricles) in your heart, called a ventricular septal defect.
Instead of going to the rest of the body, the blood returns to the lungs, increasing the pressure in the pulmonary arteries and causing pulmonary hypertension.
Risk factors
Your risk of developing pulmonary hypertension may be greater if:
You're a young adult, as idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension is more common in younger adults
You're overweight
You have a family history of the disease
You have one of various conditions that can increase your risk of developing pulmonary hypertension
You use illegal drugs, such as cocaine
You take certain appetite-suppressant medications
You have an existing risk of developing pulmonary hypertension, such as a family history of the condition, and you live at a high altitude.
Dangerous conditions
You can run a greater risk of developing pulmonary hypertension if:
You are a young adult, since idiopathic arterial hypertension is more common in younger adults
You are getting overweight
You have a family history of the disease
You have one of the different conditions that can increase the risk of developing lung hypertension
You use illicit drugs, for instance cocaine
You are taking other appetite-deleting medicines
You have an known risk of developing pulmonary hypertension, such as the condition's family history, and you live at high altitudes.
Complications
Pulmonary hypertension can lead to a number of complications, including:
Right-sided heart enlargement and heart failure (cor pulmonale).
In cor pulmonale, your.heart's right ventricle becomes enlarged and has to pump harder than usual to move blood through narrowed or blocked pulmonary arteries.
Complications That
A variety of complications can lead to pulmonary hypertension including:
Right-sided cardiac enlargement and heart failure (pulmonary coronation).
During cor pulmonale, the right ventricle of your.heart is swollen and you have to pump more intensely than normal to transfer blood into narrowed or blocked pulmonary arteries.
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